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Where:

IR: In-migration rate;

I: Number of in-migrants in 12 months prior to the reference period;

Ptb: Average population in the reference period.

Out-migration rate reflects the number out-migrants of a territorial unit in the
reference period on average per 1,000 population of that territorial unit.

Formula:
O
OR (‰) = × 1000
Ptb

Where:

OR: Out-migration rate;

O: Number of out-migrants in 12 months prior to the reference period;

Ptb: Population up to the reference time-point.
Net-migration rate reflects the status of in-migration and out-migration of
population into/out from a territorial unit in the reference period. It is the

difference between number of in-migrants and number of out-migrants of a
territorial unit on average per 1,000 population of that territorial unit.

Formula:
I - O
NR (‰) = × 1000
Ptb

Where:

NR: Net-migration rate;

I: Number of in-migrants in 12 months prior to the reference period;
O: Number of out-migrants in 12 months prior to the reference period;

Ptb: Population up to the reference time-point.

Or: NR = IR - OR

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